AP Stats Notes 📚

Outliers and Experiments 🔄

• Outlier: a data point that is significantly different from the other data points
• Range: the difference between the largest and smallest data points
• Median: the middle value of a dataset when it is arranged in order
• Randomly assigned: a treatment is randomly assigned to an experimental unit
• Randomly selected: a sample is randomly selected from a population

Experimental Design 🎨

• Control group: a group that does not receive the treatment
• Treatment group: a group that receives the treatment
• Representative sample: a sample that is representative of the population
• Bias: a systematic error in the sampling process
• Sample size: the number of experimental units in a sample

Inference and Probability 📊

• Point estimator: a statistic that is used to estimate a population parameter
• Confidence interval: a range of values within which a population parameter is likely to lie
• Effect size: a measure of the size of the difference between the treatment and control groups
• Power: the probability of detecting a statistically significant effect when it is present
• Alpha: the probability of rejecting a true null hypothesis
• Standard deviation: a measure of the spread of a dataset